公共外交对国际关系理论的冲击:一种分析框架

Public Diplomacy and Its Impact on the Theories of International Relations: A Framework of Analysis

公共外交是指一国政府对国外民众的外交形式 ,它的活动手段包括文化交流项目、国际广播和互联网等 ,其主要表达形式是信息和语言。目前 ,学界围绕公共外交争论最多的是它的理论归属问题。主流国际关系理论的基本前提是国际体系的“无政府状态” ,这一状态中冲突常有而合作不常有 ,从而使以信息和语言为主导、以非行为体国外民众为对象、强调“合作度”的公共外交难以获得概念上的支持。本文认为 ,随着全球化和信息化的深入发展 ,特别是愈来愈多的学者和决策者正把国际体系定义为“信息交流空间”而不是外部无序状态 ,公共外交可以实现其理论回归 ,融入国际关系理论。

Public diplomacy is defined as the diplomacy of a national government influencing other country’s audience.Its methods of activity include cultural exchange programs,international broadcasting services,Internet and etc.,and with information and language as its main expression.At present,the debates on public diplomacy focus on its theoretical belonging .The main premise of the mainstream IR theories is “anarchy”,in which conflicts overshadow co operations; therefore it is difficult for public diplomacy to be conceptualized.This paper argues that,with the profound development of globalization and accelerated spreading of information,especially when increasingly more scholars and decision makers define international system as “communicative space of information”,it is time that public diplomacy be re recognized as a theory of international relations.