情绪的神经心理学理论概述

The Neuropsychological Theories of Emotion

本文主要论述了情绪神经心理学的有关理论。过去 ,人们认为情绪和认知分别由皮层下和皮层结构所控制 ,认知系统控制着情绪系统。现在 ,人们认为认知和情绪两个机能系统是相互联系的。情绪系统能快速、自动地加工有限数量的信息 ,认知系统则能有意识和有控制地分析信息。情绪是一个非同质的、多成分的、有等级组织的适应系统。大脑左、右半球在情绪表征和控制中具有不对称性 ,右半球主要控制自动的、自发的情绪 。

This article reviews the development of neuropsychological theories of emotion. In the past, the neuropsychological models assumed that emotional and cognitive functions were subserved by different brain structures and that the cognitive system usually kept the emotional system under control. More recently, the models assume that at least in humans, emotional and cognitive functions must be strongly reciprocally interconnected. Emotion is a non-homogeneous, hierarchically organized, multi-component adaptive system. The emotional system rapidly and automatically processes a restricted number of signals, and the cognitive system consciously analyzes information. There are hemispheric asymmetries in the representation and control of emotion, right-hemisphere dominance for automatic, spontaneous emotions, and left-hemisphere prevalence for emotional control.