市场机制下电信普遍服务政策探讨

Universal Service Policy Study in a Open Market

在行业垄断时期,许多国家通常都采用交叉补贴的方式解决普遍服务问题。但这种原来奏效的方式已很难适应目前开放竞争的电信市场。目前,各国普遍采用三大政策来解决普遍服务问题,即设置条件、普遍服务基金和隐性补助。但是,为了更灵活更有效地推进普遍服务义务的实施,人们已经开始探讨和应用另外一种,即“可交易的普遍服务”政策,利用市场化的方式和手段来解决这一问题。

In monopolized telecom market, many governments adopt cross subsidies to cany out universal service. This policy is not workable any more in a current open and competitive market. Today, most governments employ three policies to provide universal service, e.g. setting conditions, universal service fund and hidden subsidy. To provide more flexible and efficient service, a new policy, tradable universal service, is taken into consideration.