西蒙得木枯萎病的研究Ⅰ.病原菌鉴定及其致病性测定

STUDIES ON FUSARIUM WILT OF JOJOBA(SIMMONDSIA CHINENSIS)—A NEW DISEASE IN CHINA——Ⅰ.Identi Fication and Pathogenicity of the Pathogens

西蒙得木枯萎病在我国是一种新发现的病害。该病在云南省几个西蒙得木试种区均有发生。经病原菌分离培养、鉴定及致病性测定,结果表明:其致病菌有尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.)、腐皮镰刀菌(F.solani(Mart.)Sacc.)、木贼镰刀菌(F.equiseti(Corda)Sacc.)和串珠镰刀菌(F.moniliforme sheldon)。以尖孢镰刀菌分离频率最高,致病性最强,为主要致病菌。

A wilt disease of Jojoba(Simmondsia chinensis(Link)Schneider)was found oc- curring at several experimental plots of Jojoba in Yunnan Province.During 1987～1990, 46 diseased Jojoba plants that were 3～6 years old were collected from seven experimen- tal plots of Jojoba in Yunnan.Fusarium spp.were frequently isolated from the roots of the diseased Jojoba plants(by PDA or PSA medium).According to the studies on their culture,morphology and pathogenicity,they were identified as Fusarium oxysporum,F. solani,F.equiseti and F.moniliforme.Among them F.oxysporum predominated over the other three Fusarium species in distribution and quantity,and it was proved to be the most virulent,therefore it was considered as the main pathogen to cause the wilt disease of Jojoba in Yunnan.