公有与私有、集权与分权——政治学视野中的私立教育

PUBLIC OWNERSHIP AND PRIVATE OWNERSHIPCENTRALIZATION AND DECENTRALIZATION OF POWER--Privately Run Education Viewed from Political Science

私立教育是一种国际现象,无论是从传统还是现实来看,它都是大多数国家教育体系中的重要组成部分。作为一种社会现象,私立教育的生成、演进和发展的影响因素是多元化的,在这当中,国家政治制度和政治活动的传统及其变迁、国家所有制形态、社会权力结构与分配形态是极其重要的影响因素,尤其是国家教育管理体制中的国家化或私营化取向、集权化或分权化取向在某种意义上决定着一个国家或地区私立教育的发展水平。

Privately run education is international. Traditionally or realistically speaking, it is an important component of the educational system in most countries. As a social institution, it has been affected by multi-factors in its birth, evolution and growth, among which are political system, political conventions and changes, social structure and distribution of power. Nationalization or privatization, and centralization or decentralization of educational administration are to a certain extent determiners for the development of privately run education in a region or a country.