黄河水体石油类污染物生物降解模拟实验研究

Simulation of Biodegradation of Petroleum Contaminants in Natural Waters of the Yellow River

采用模拟实验的方法研究了自然条件下石油类污染物的生物降解规律 .结果表明 ,向泥沙含量为 0g/L或 0 5 g/L的黄河水样中加入大约 10mg/L的石油类污染物 ,经过一星期左右的驯化期后 ,石油降解菌菌落水平逐步升高 ;当石油类污染物的初始浓度为 11 6 4mg/L ,温度为 2 0℃时 ,泥沙含量为 0 5 g/L的黄河水样中大约 85 %的石油类污染物在 6 3d内能得到微生物降解 ;水体中泥沙的含量和石油类污染物的初始浓度均显著影响石油类污染物的生物降解速率 ,且在不同时段的影响不一 ;水体中泥沙的存在亦影响到石油类污染物的生物降解动力学 .

Petroleum contaminants is one of the major pollutants in the Yellow River. Laboratory simulation experiments were carried out to study the natural biodegradation of the petroleum contaminants. When adding 10mg/L petroleum contaminants to the Yellow River water samples containing 0 or 0.5g/L sediment, the petroleum contaminants-degrading bacteria increased gradually after about one week of acclimatization. With the sediment content of 0.5g/L, about 85% petroleum contaminants with the initial concentration of 11.64mg/L in river water could be degraded within 63 days at 20℃. The biodegradation rate was greatly influenced by the sediment content and the initial concentration of petroleum contaminants, and such effect was different from one degradation stage to another. In addition, the existence of sediment affected the biodegradation kinetics of petroleum contaminants.