地质遗迹资源及其保护与利用的协调性问题——以陕西省为例

Harmonious Relationship between Protection and Utilization of Geological Remains:the Case of Shannxi Province

地质遗迹是具有科学、旅游、科普及环境教育等多种价值的独特自然资源。现实中,在地质遗迹资源的保护与利用上还存在着许多顾此失彼的不协调现象,这种不协调体现在3方面:一是保护与利用的程度之间;二是各种利用方式之间;三是保护利用程度与资源品位之间。据此对区域地质遗迹资源进行保护与利用协调性分类,可与常用的成因分类相互补充。陕西省地质遗迹保护与利用协调性类型有单一保护型、单一开发型、保护利用双差型与正在协调型等,基本反映出目前主要的协调性问题。在此基础上提出如下协调策略:应尽快制定地质遗迹保护法,统一宏观管理体系,建立起权威的国家级和省级地质遗迹保护、管理体系;根据实地情况选择相应规范的微观管理模式,完善监督制约机制,以促进科研、科普旅游、景观旅游有机结合及全面发展。

Geological remains are unique natural resources embodying scientific, tourism, environmental education values. In practice, there exist some inharmonious problems concerning the protection and exploitation of geological remains. The inharmonious phenomena concentrate on three sides: firstly, the attention paid to protection and utilization of geological remains is not harmonious; second, there are irrational forms of utilization; thirdly, how to coordinate the relationship of protection and utilization according to different quality of geological remains. From this meaning, a new type of classification method using compatibility between protection and utilization concerning regional geological sites is put forward, which can complement each other with the origin classification system. Based on mainly inharmonious problems between protection and utilization of geological remains in Shaanxi Province, the sites are classified into four types: single-protection sites, single-exploitation sites, no- protection- and - utilization sites and sites in process of harmonizing. In order to resolve these problems, the harmonizing policies are supposed as the following: enact laws about geological remains conservancy as soon as possible; unify the macro administration system by establishing a authoritative national and provincial management framework; correspondingly, choose normative micro administration mode according to the situation on the spot; complete relevant supervise and restriction regulation. All these measures may help to advance the integration and all-sided development of scientific research, public popular science tourism and landscape tourism towards geological remains.