乳腺癌微创治疗研究的现状

The Study Status of Minimally Invasive Therapy for Breast Cancer

对于早期乳腺癌 ,尤其是扫描发现的乳腺癌 ,常规保留乳房手术的范围可能相对过大 ,不能满足人们的美容要求 ,某些不适合手术的患者也不能采用。因此 ,人们正在探索各种替代常规手术的微创疗法 ,其中包括 :射频消融、激光组织间照射凝固、高强度聚焦超声、冷冻治疗、组织间放疗和聚焦微波热疗等。这些治疗方法具有技术上的可行性 ,但多处于基础研究阶段 ,临床治疗的病例极少 ,治疗效果未能大规模地和常规治疗作比较 ,仍存在许多需要解决的问题。简要综述它们的技术原理、治疗方法。

Routine breast conserving surgery may be over-treatment for early-stage breast cancer,especially on screen detected cancer,which cannot fill people's need for the cosmesis.Some patients may be unsuitable for this therapy because they are unfit for surgery.Therefore,Minimally invasive therapies (MIT) have being explored in order to substitute routine therapy.MIT include radio-frequency ablation,interstitial laser photocoagulation therapy,high intensity focused ultrasound,cryotherapy,interstitial radiotherapy,focused microwave thermotherapy and so on.MIT have technical feasibility,but largely still at the phase of basic research.There are few cases that have accepted MIT and the curative effect cannot be compared on a large scale with routine therapy.There are still many questions to solve.This article summarizes it's technique theory,therapeutic methods and questions that need to be resolved and so on.