基于隧道火灾蔓延下的车辆引燃时间预测研究

Prediction of vehicle ignition time based on fire spreading in tunnel

为准确预测交通阻塞时城市公路隧道内火灾车辆引燃周围车辆所需时间,基于隧道内车辆火灾蔓延规律对车辆间引燃时间进行研究。通过理论分析确定隧道内火灾车辆周边相邻车辆所受辐射热通量的计算方法。通过线性拟合得出火灾下车辆引燃时间的预测方法。通过现场试验验证该预测方法的有效性。研究表明:引燃时间预测值与试验值基本一致,该方法精度较高;初始火灾车辆为小型车且周边车辆随机分布时,相邻车道并排的小型车不被引燃,并排中型车和大型车的引燃时间分别约为30和9 min;当初始火灾车辆为大型车时,并排小型车的引燃时间约为5 min,建议在火灾发生5 min内采取初步消防灭火措施或进行人员疏散。

In order to obtain a method of predicting time of the vehicle on fire to ignite its adjacent vehicles in the urban highway tunnel under a blocking scenario,the ignition time was studied based on the law of fire spreading in the tunnel. A calculation method of the radiation heat flux received by the adjacent vehicle in the tunnel was worked out by theoretical analysis. A method of predicting the ignition time of vehicles under fire was developed by linear fitting. The effectiveness of the prediction was verified by field test. The results show that the predicted value of ignition time is basically consistent with the experimental value which indicates the method has higher precision,and when the initial vehicle on fire is a small vehicle and the surrounding vehicles are randomly distributed,the small vehicles in the adjacent lanes will not be ignited,that the ignition times of the medium and large vehicles are about 30 min and 9 min respectively,that when the initial vehicle on fire is a large vehicle,the ignition time is about 5 min when the adjacent vehicle is a small car,and that preliminary firefighting measures should be taken and personnel evacuation should be organized within 5 min when a fire breaks out.