高铁线路重点安全隐患致因分析及防范

Cause analysis and prevention of key safety hazards from Chinese high-speed railway lines

为促进新形势下我国高速铁路的安全运营和安全管理,分析总结我国高铁线路的安全趋势和影响因素,其中,高铁安全认知欠缺、恶劣天气和地质灾害、高铁外部环境影响、法规制度建设滞后等是主要影响因素。基于这些影响因素,并通过现场调研和分析,梳理高铁运营线路中存在的重点安全隐患,如路基、桥隧基础沉降、轨道板开裂或拱起、动车车体抖动、扣件连续脆断、声(风)屏障倾倒、高铁安全防护缺失等。从设计、施工、运营和周边环境等多个层面阐述重点安全隐患产生的原因、潜在后果及防范措施。结果表明:现场实践验证了致因分析的准确性和防范措施的有效性。

In order to promote the safe operation and safety management of Chinese high-speed railway under the new situation,the safety trend and influencing factors of Chinese high-speed railway were analyzed and summarized. Among them,the lack of high-speed rail safety cognition,bad weather and geological disasters,the influence of the high-speed railway environment and the lagging of the regulation and system construction were the main factors. Under the overall framework of the influencing factors,through on-site investigation and analysis,the key safety hazards in the high-speed railway operation lines were studied,such as roadbed,bridge and tunnel foundation settlement,rail plate cracking or arch,jitter of motor car body,continuous brittle fracture of fastener,sound( wind) barrier,lack of safety protection of high-speed railway and so on. The causes of safety accidents,potential consequences and preventive measures were analyzed and proposed from the aspects of design,construction,operation and surrounding environment. The results show that field practice has verified the accuracy of cause analysis and the effectiveness of preventive measures.