国外铁路交通事故调查现状综述及对我国的启示

Overview of railway accident investigation abroad and its revelation on China’s railway

为查明铁路交通事故原因,发现安全隐患,预防类似事故再次发生,有效提升安全运营水平,从机构设立、法律依据、调查理念、调查流程、调查方法、报告内容等方面分别研究美国、日本、法国、英国、澳大利亚等发达国家铁路交通事故调查现状;在分析法国、英国、日本等国家铁路交通事故调查典型案例的基础上,总结其铁路事故调查的先进经验、特点和优势;通过对比中外铁路交通事故调查的异同,提出借鉴国外事故调查方法、原因分析、经验总结等方面的做法,改进我国铁路交通事故调查方法的建议。

In order to identify the cause of an accident,find safety hazards,prevent similar accidents from happening again and improve the safety of railway operation,the current situations of railway accident investigation in the developed countries including the United States,Japan,France,the UK and Australia were researched and analyzedfrom the aspects of the establishment of investigation institutions,legal basis,investigation principles,procedure,techniques and report content. Based on studying some typical cases of railway accidents investigated by institutions in France,the UK and Japan,their advanced experience,features and advantages in railway accident investigation were summarized. By comparing the similarities and differences between China and abroad,the suggestion of using other countries’ investigation methods,analysis of causes and summary of experience for reference and improving the proficiency of China’s railway accident investigation is proposed.