中美铁路安全法规制度比较及借鉴

Comparison of railway safety regulations between China and United States

为健全完善我国铁路安全法规制度,以适应铁路快速发展的客观需要,发挥其对铁路安全的支撑保障作用,应用比较安全法学方法,从法规制度的体系、内容、效力等方面,比较分析中美铁路安全法规制度。结果表明:中美铁路安全法规制度各具特点,我国铁路可以在加大铁路安全立法,增加法律在整个体系中的比重,定期修订、完善现行法规制度内容,控制安全成本,科学界定处罚的自由裁量权等方面借鉴美国经验。

In order to perfect China’s railway safety laws and regulations,to adapt to the objective needs of rapid railway development,and to play its role in supporting railway safety,the comparative security law method was applied to analyze the Chinese and American railway safety laws and regulations from the aspects of the system,content and effectiveness of the legal system. The results show that the Sino-US railway safety laws and regulations have their own characteristics. Chinese railways can learn from American railways in increasing railway safety legislation,increasing the proportion of laws in the whole system,regularly revising and improving the contents of existing laws and regulations,paying attention to controlling the safety cost,and scientifically defining the discretionary power.