冰雪弯道多频视觉参照系对车速感知的影响

Research on influence of multi-frequency visual reference system on speed perception on ice and snow curve

为保障冰雪环境下弯道路面的行车安全,定量分析不同速度条件下,不同弯道多频率组合标志对驾驶员车速感知的影响。采用3dmax软件建立冰雪弯道仿真模型,基于E-prime2. 0软件进行车速感知心理物理试验,探究在不同组合频率、不同速度条件下,驾驶员的速度感知能力和差异。研究结果表明:高中低频组合的视觉参照系能使驾驶员产生一定高估速度的错觉,高频12 Hz、中频1 Hz、低频0. 3 Hz的组合频率标志诱导速度高估的效果最佳;随着速度的增大,速度高估逐渐减小,速度感知差异增大;合理设置多频率组合标志,有利于保障冰雪弯道行车安全。

To ensure the driving safety on curve under the condition of ice and snow,a quantitative analysis was made for effect of multi-frequency visual reference system on driver’s vehicle speed perception.A simulation model was built by using the 3 dmax software for ice and snow curve.Based on E-prime2-0 software,speed perception psychophysical experiments were carried out to explore the driver’s speed perception ability as a function of both the combined frequency and the speed.The results indicate that the visual reference system of multi-frequency curve signs helps drivers overestimate the speed,the combination of high frequency 12 Hz,middle 1 Hz and low frequency 0.3 Hz has the best effect of speed overestimating.The speed overestimation gradually decreases,and the speed perception difference increases as the speed increases.