新中国公益出版的历史、现状及思考

On New China's Non-profit Publishing: Past and Present

公益出版是当前中国出版业的重要组成部分。中华人民共和国成立之前,公益出版处于自发的个体化模式。随着出版业社会主义改造的完成,1956年后中国出版进入了"准公益化"的时代。改革开放之后,出版的商业属性逐步回归,"文化事业"和"文化产业"开始得到区分。2006年,出版业"转企改制"完成,国家明确了"公益性出版单位"和"经营性出版单位"两种分类,标志着中国公益出版自觉时代的到来。近年来,在公益性出版单位之外,随着国家出版基金等政府资助项目的设立,以及民间出版公益事业的兴起,中国的公益出版开始走出多管齐下的中国特色之路。

Non-profit publishing is currently an important part of the publishing industry in China.Before the founding of the People’s Republic of China,it was done by individuals on a voluntary basis.The completion of the socialist transformation of the publishing industry ushered Chinese publishing into the era of 'quasi-non-profit' in 1956.With the reform and opening-up,publishing began to regain its business nature,and saw the differentiation of'cultural undertaking'and'cultural industry'.The transformation of publishers to enterprises was completed in 2006,and the Chinese government classified publishing companies into'non-profit'and'for-profit'ones,marking the non-profit publishing has entered the self-conscious era in China.Over the past few years,except the development of non-profit publishers,the non-profit publishing sector in China has diversified with Chinese characteristics with the inception of government-sponsored projects such as the National Publication Fund and the emergence of private non-profit publishing.