论仲裁的价值冲突及当事人意思自治的衡平作用

纠纷解决的高效性是仲裁的主要优点之一。同时,仲裁作为一种纠纷解决方式,也强调公正地解决纠纷。效率与公平都是仲裁制度的价值追求。效率与公平在仲裁中相互冲突,但二者对于仲裁当事人来说都极其重要。在现代仲裁制度中,将对效率或公平的追求推向极限的立法并不多见。各国都期望寻求到有效平衡二者之间冲突的机制。近年来一些国家出现的协议扩大司法审查与协议排除司法审查立法或司法实践,表明了当事人自身所倾向的价值追求与意思自治在平衡仲裁效率与公平价值冲突的弹性作用。我国今后构建仲裁裁决司法审查模式时,应摒弃单一的僵化的司法审查模式,依靠当事人的价值追求与意思自治来调和效率与公平之间的矛盾关系。

Resolving a dispute efficiently is one of essential virtues of arbitration.At the meantime,as a dispute resolution,resdving a dispute faifly is also emphasized by arbitration.Both efficiency and faiircss are the pursuit of arbitration value.Although efficiency and fairness are conflicting with each other during die course of arbitration,both of them are extremely important for the parties of arbitration.In the modem arbitration system,ifs less common for a country to pass a law which takes the pursuit of efficiency or fairness to the limit.Gountries are expected to sedc a mechanism which can effectively resolve the conflicts between efficiency and fairness.In recent years,there are legislations or judicial practices in some countries that parties of arbitration can expand or exclude the judicial review by agreement,showing that the parties9 tendency to the pursuit of values and the principle of autonomy play a flexible role in balancing the conflicts between efficiency and fairness.When China builds its own mode of arbitration judicial review,it should abandon the signal rigid mode of judicial review,and rely on parties’own pursuit of value and the principle of autonomy to reconcile Ae contradictory relationship between efficiency and fairness.