耐药肺炎支原体感染的抗生素治疗进展

Progress in antibiotic therapy for drug-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection

肺炎支原体是一种严重威胁儿童呼吸道健康的病原体,其发病年龄以5～19岁最为常见,其主要临床症状表现为顽固性的剧烈咳嗽,发热能够持续2～3周,体温恢复正常后,咳嗽仍可迁延不愈。此外肺炎支原体还能累及全身多个器官,和小儿哮喘的发病亦有着密切的关系,特别是儿童呼吸道感染同时并发重症肺炎支原体肺炎,常使病情复杂、患儿病程迁延甚至导致患儿死亡。目前临床上对儿童该病的干预治疗通常采用的是大环内酯类药物,但是近年来不断有报道称该病的耐药株频繁出现。本文拟综述近年来肺炎支原体的耐药情况和机制,并对近年来临床上抗生素治疗该病的进展做一总结分析,以期为该病的治疗提供依据和借鉴。

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a serious pathogen threatening children’s respiratory health.Its onset age is 5-19 years old.Its main clinical symptoms are intractable severe cough.The fever lasted for 2-3 weeks.After the body temperature returned to normal,the cough could still be prolonged.In addition,Mycoplasma pneumoniae can also affect many organs in the whole body.It is also closely related to the onset of asthma in children,especially children with respiratory tract infection accompanied by severe mycoplasma pneumoniae.Pneumonia often leads to complicated conditions,delayed course of illness and even death of children.At present,macrolides are commonly used in clinical intervention for children with the disease,but in recent years,there have been reports that drug-resistant strains of the disease frequently appear.This article reviews the drug resistance and mechanism of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in recent years,and summarizes the progress of antibiotic treatment in recent years,in order to provide basis and reference for the treatment of the disease.