紧急仲裁员制度效力问题探究

Study on Legal Status of Emergency Arbitration

紧急仲裁员旨在于仲裁庭组建前即仲裁当事人提供临时救济,使当事人不必另行向法院提出临时措施申请就可免于承担证据灭失、涉案财产转移或损害的风险。紧急仲裁员制度因其高效、保密等优点为国际各大仲裁机构所采纳,我国《中国(上海)自由贸易试验区仲裁规则》《中国国际经济贸易委员会仲裁规则》《北京仲裁委员会仲裁规则》亦先后引入该制度。然而,我国紧急仲裁员决定的效力问题以及强制执行力问题目前仍存在诸多争议,而这正是该制度能否发挥其优越性的关键。对此,应建立双轨制的临时措施发布机制,并赋予紧急仲裁员以仲裁员的身份,以推动我国紧急仲裁员制度的发展与完善。

The purpose of an emergency arbitrator(hereafter as EA)is to grant parties provisional relief before the arbitral tribunal is formed so that the parties can avoid the risk of losing evidence,enforceable property without the interference of state court.EA has been introduced by mainstream international arbitration institutions because of its high efficiency and confidentiality.2014 Arbitration Rules for China(Shanghai)Free Trade Experimental Zone,2015 Rules of CIETAC and Beijing Arbitration Commission 2015 Arbitration Rules have also been incorporated this system.However,the validity and enforcement of the decision of the emergency arbitrator in China is still disputable,which is the key to whether the system can give full play to its superiority.In order to promote the development and perfection of China’s emergency arbitrator system,we should establish a dual-track mechanism for Issuing Interim Measures and endow EA with the status of arbitrators.