Budd-Chiari综合征肝静脉闭塞的介入治疗

Interventional treatment for the occlusive hepatic veins in Budd-Chiari syndrome

目的 评价Budd Chiari综合征患者肝静脉闭塞介入治疗方法及中远期疗效。方法42例Budd Chiari综合征患者 ,男 17例 ,女 2 5例 ,年龄 18～ 5 7岁 (平均 34 5岁 ) ;肝功能ChildA级 2 3例 ,B级 6例 ,C级 13例。共计 92条肝静脉闭塞 ,其中左肝静脉 2 9条 ,中肝静脉 2 4条 ,右肝静脉 36条 ,副肝静脉 3条。34例伴有下腔静脉狭窄或闭塞。肝静脉治疗方法包括 :( 1)闭塞肝静脉穿通 (经颈、股静脉、经皮肝穿肝静脉或上述两种途径并用 ) ;( 2 )球囊导管扩张 ;( 3)内支架置入。 32例同时行下腔静脉经皮腔内血管成形术 (PTA)或内支架治疗。结果 40例患者的 40条肝静脉均成功开通。PTA治疗后 8例置入内支架。 32例下腔静脉均获通畅。术前肝静脉压力为 34 5cmH2 O ( 2 5 .0～ 48.0cmH2 O) ( 1cmH2 O =0 .0 98kPa) ,术后降为 2 2 0cmH2 O( 12 .0～ 35 .0cmH2 O) (T =11.5 0 ,P <0 0 1)。术后患者症状体征完全缓解 32例 ,8例部分缓解。随访 1～ 5 4个月 (平均 2 7 5个月 ) ,1例因肝功能衰竭术后 1个月死亡 ,2例因肝静脉闭塞经 2次介入治疗再次获得开通。 5例未再接受复查和治疗。余32例均无症状再发 ,超声检查均无肝静脉再闭塞发生 (平均 2 8 9个月 )。结论 ( 1)肝静脉闭塞介入治疗方法多样 ,可综合应用 ;( 2 )

Objective To evaluate the interventional methods for occlusive hepatic veins in Budd-Chiari syndrome and its mid and long-term effects. Methods Forty-two patients (male 17 cases and female 25 cases)aged from 18 to 57 years old (mean 34.5 years) were studied. The liver functions were Child A in 23 cases, Child B in 6 cases, and Child C in 13 cases, respectively. A total of 92 hepatic veins were occluded. Among them, 29 left hepatic veins , 24 middle hepatic veins, 36 right hepatic veins, and 3 accessory hepatic veins were occluded. Thirty-four patients were accompanied with the stenotic or occlusive inferior vena cave (IVC). The interventional methods included: (1) recanalization of occlusive hepatic veins (by transjugular, transfemoral, and percutaneous transhepatic route, or the combination of above three methods); (2) percutaneous transluminal angioplasty; (3) self-expanding stent implantation. The occlusive IVC in 32 patients also accepted PTA and/or stent implantation. Results The successful recanalization was carried out in forty hepatic veins in 40 patients. PTA of occlusive veins was followed by stent implantation in 8 patients. The pressure of hepatic veins dropped from 34.5 cm H 2O (25.0～48.0 cm H 2O) to 22.0 cm H 2O (12.0～35.0 cm H 2O) after intervention(T=11.50, P<0.01). The symptoms and pathological signs improved obviously in 32 cases and improved partly in 8 cases. During the follow-up period from 1 month to 54 months (mean 27.5 months), one cases died of liver function failure at one month after intervention. The re-intervention of occlusive veins in two cases were performed and the better results were acquired again. Five cases didn′t accept re-intervention. Neither recurrence of symptoms nor re-occlusion of hepatic veins was found in the other 32 patients. Conclusion (1) Multiple and synthetical interventional methods for the occlusive hepatic veins in Budd-Chiari syndrome can be utilized. (2) The intervention of hepatic vein is mini-invasive and can decrease the pressure of hepatic vein effectively. (3) In patients with multiple hepatic vein occlusions, obvious effects can be also acquired if one of the occlusive hepatic veins is better recanalized.