甘肃蚤类在鼠疫动物流行病学中的意义

THE ROLE OF FLEAS IN THE EPIZOOTIOLOGY OF PLAGUE IN GANSU PROVINCE,CHINA

甘肃省地处东径92°13′—108°42′;北纬32°31′—42°48′。按动物地理区划绝大部分位于古北界,而东南部跨入东洋界边缘。在我国动物地理区划处于华北、蒙新、青藏和华中等区的交汇地带。因此,我省跳蚤不但组成复杂,而且种类繁多。在全省79个县、市中已开展调查的有63个,(图1见113页)。目前共发现跳蚤142个种和亚种,隶属于7科42属。

There are two types of naturalfoci of plague in which Marmotahimalayana and Citellus alasehanicusare known as chief reservoirhosts,respectively,in Gansu Prov-ince.In the plague focus of Marmo-ta himalayana 79 species and sub-species of fleas were found,belon-ging to 24 genera,5 families.Of the-se fleas,Callopsylla dolabris,Or-opsylla silantiewi and Rhadinopsy-lla li ventricosa have been demos-trated to be naturally infected wi-th Yersinia pseudotuberculosis subsppestis。Oropsylla silantiewi andCallopsylla dolabris are mainly furfleas on Marmota himalayana andchief vectors with strains of Y.ps-eudotuberculosis subsp pestis isola-ted from the both accounting for89.51% in total strains obtained fr-om all ecotoparasites.“The abund-ent peak in springs”composed by C-allopsylla dolabris played an impo-rtent role in promoting the preva lence of zoonoses of plague,while“the abundent peak in mautumns.”farmed by Oropsylla silantiewi andRhadinopsylla li ventricosa(a nest flea)may be related to the long naturalcycle of plague.In the plague focus of Citellusalaschanicus,54 species and subspe-cies of fleas were found,belongingto 25 genera,7 families.Of these f-leas,Citellaphilus tesguorum mong-olicus and Neopsylla abagaitui w-ere found to be haturally infectedwith Y.pseudotuberculosis subsp.postis.The former is mainly fur f-leas on Citellus alansehanicus and achief vector and its variation inquantity was in correspondence w-ith the provalence of zoonoses of p-lague in the natural focus.