行政等级结构下的中国城市规模效率及其影响因素

Scale Efficiency of Chinese Cities and Its Influencing Factors in Urban Hierarchical Institution

本文从中国城市行政等级的视角分析探讨城市资源投入效率及其影响因素,基于2000~2013年全国地级及以上城市数据,在运用数据包络分析方法测算城市规模效率的基础上,采用面板Tobit模型,通过实证检验城市行政等级等因素对城市规模效率的影响。实证结果显示,城市行政等级是影响我国城市规模效率的重要因素之一;高行政等级对城市规模效率有着显著的负向影响;等级化的城市行政管理体制,使我国各个行政等级的城市拥有不同的获取资源分配的权限,造成了城市发展非公平的竞争环境,导致高行政等级城市要素投入相对过多,对城市间资源配置效率产生负面影响,表现为对规模效率的显著负向影响。本文的政策启示是,为提高城市资源投入效率,应弱化行政等级在资源分配中的作用,为城市发展创造公平的竞争环境,强化按照市场的方式进行城市资源配置。

The paper, used data of prefecture-level cities from 2000~2013 in China, combining the method of DEA to analyse the efficiency of Chinese cities and the method of Tobit to analyse the influencing factors of the efficiency. The model took the hierarchy conditions of city as independent variables, empirically tests independent variables’ influence on efficiency of Chinese cities. The results were showed as follows. The administrative system of the urban hierarchy of our country made the administrative levels of city have different access permissions of resource distribution, high administrative level city have stronger ability to get resources,not only caused the unfair competition environment of urban development and lead to relatively high administrative level cities input too much, but also have a negative impact for the efficiency of resource allocation. And then put forward the corresponding policy recommendations according to the research conclusion.