逆向代际支持对老年人主观幸福感影响的实证检验——基于CHARLS数据的实证分析

An Empirical Test of the Influence of Reverse Intergenerational Support on the Subjective Well-being of the Elderly——Empirical Analysis Based on CHARLS

经济压力和社会成本上升使越来越多成年子女继续“啃老”,这种逆向代际支持可能丧失了老年人的经济基础和闲暇时间,这是否对其主观幸福感有影响?目前研究尚未有肯定的答案。本文选用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2013年社会调查数据,利用双变量Probit(Bivariate Probit)模型,发现给予子女经济支持和时间支持对城市老年人和收入水平较高农村老年人生活满意度和抑郁状况并不存在显著影响,但却能显著提高收入较低农村老年人生活满意度、降低患精神抑郁风险。经济支持中现金支持的作用效果相对于实物支持更显著,时间支持对农村老年人幸福感提升的显著性要高于经济支持。我们认为影响老年人主观幸福感的关键因素是老年人收入水平,增加老年人收入是提高老年人幸福感,减少老年人精神抑郁的一条重要渠道。

Economic pressure and social costs made more and more adult children to parents neet, and this kind of reversed intergenerational support for older people may lost their economic basis and the leisure time, does it have influence on their subjective well-being? There are no definite answers. This article chooses China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study( CHARLS) social investigation data in2013, using bivariate Probit model, found that giving children the economic support and time support for city elderly and higher-income levels of rural elderly, life satisfaction and depression is not significantly affected, but it can significantly improve the lower-income rural elderly life satisfaction, and reduce the risk of depression. The effect of cash support in economic support is more significant than that in physical support, and the support of time support is more significant than that of economic support to the well-being of rural elderly. We believe that the key factor affecting the subjective well-being of the elderly is the income level of the elderly. Increasing the income of the elderly is an important channel to improve the wellbeing and reduce the mental depression of the elderly.