制度结构、技术进步、交易费用与经济增长

Institutional Structure,Technological Advance,Transaction Costs and Economic Growth

本文沿用戴维斯(Davis,2010)的研究思路在市场分工的基础上,研究制度结构、技术进步和交易费用之间的关系,从而解读经济增长。模型研究表明:(1)长期经济增长率在技术外生且增长率为零的条件下,取决于人力资本和制度质量的增长速度。(2)交易成本和经济增长之间的关系取决于制度的柔性水平。当制度柔性水平越高,交易费用越小时,收入增长率水平越高;反之,当制度柔性越小,交易费用越高时,则收入增长率越低,甚至出现负增长。(3)在强制度柔性条件下,技术冲击会导致交易费用的减少;而在弱制度柔性条件下,技术进步有可能导致交易费用的增加。(4)在技术内生化模型中,在强制度柔性时,人力资本的提高会降低交易成本,从而促进经济增长;在弱制度柔性时,则可能出现相反的结果。

This paper follows Davis’(2010) research on the basis of market division of labor, studying the relationship between institutional flexibility, technological progress and transaction costs to study economic growth. Model shows that:(1) the growth rate of long-term economic growth depends on the growth rate of human capital and institutional quality under the condition that technology is exogenous and growth rate of technology is zero.(2) The relationship between transaction costs and economic growth depends on the institutional Flexibility. The higher the system flexibility level, the smaller the transaction cost and the higher the income growth rate. Conversely, the smaller the system flexibility level, the higher the transaction cost, and the lower the income growth rate, and even negative growth rate.(3) Under high institutional flexibility, technical shocks will lead to a reduction in transaction costs; but under conditions of weak institutional flexibility,technological advances may lead to increased transaction costs.(4) In the model of technology is endogenous, when the system is strongly flexible, the increase of human capital will reduce the transaction cost and thus promote economic growth;but under the weak system flexibility, the opposite result may occur.