小微企业信用风险非财务因素的量化分析——基于制度环境的视角

Quantitative Analysis of Credit Risk Non-financial Factors in Small and Micro Enterprises——Based on the Perspective of Institutional Environment

小微企业是普惠金融重要的服务对象,也是民营企业的组成主体,本文针对零售类小微企业在融资中的审批效率和信用风险管控问题,结合银行小微零售企业客户数据,使用层次分析法(the analytic hierarchy process,AHP)建立了非财务因素比较模型。通过对模型中一级和二级指标间权重系数的量化分析,结果发现企业运营与管理水平、制度环境对小微企业融资的影响最为明显,抵质押担保、银行信用与资信的影响相对并不显著。非财务因素比较模型对银行等金融机构建立更符合自身风险偏好、更为有效的审批体系提供了参考。

Small and micro enterprise is the most important inclusive financial service object,and the composition of the main body of private enterprises.This paper focuses on the approval efficiency and credit risk control of small and micro retail enterprises,combined with the customer data of banks small retail enterprises.The analytic hierarchy process(AHP)is used to establish the comparative model of non-financial factors.Through the quantitative analysis of the weight coefficient between the first-level and second-level indicators in the model,it is found that the operation and management level of small and micro enterprises and the institutional environment have the most obvious impact on the financing of small and micro enterprises,while the impact of pledge guarantee,bank credit and credit is relatively insignificant.This provides a certain reference for financial institutions such as banks to establish a more suitable risk preference and more effective approval system.