菲律宾的毒品安全问题与杜特尔特政府禁毒运动研究

Drug Abuse in the Philippines and Duterte’s Anti-Drug Campaign

菲律宾国内毒品泛滥成为其社会毒瘤,毒品又衍生出其他各种犯罪,导致菲律宾成为全球犯罪率高、社会治安最乱的国家之一。杜特尔特凭借在达沃市禁毒取得的成效和声望赢得了总统大选。随着杜特尔特上台执政,菲律宾政府将治毒从地方推广到全国,进行备受国内外关注的扫毒运动,在全国范围开展毒品调查,分阶段地推进扫毒计划,打掉国内制毒、贩毒集团。为了有效遏制毒品,杜特尔特开展'反毒品合作外交',寻求中国、印尼、马来西亚等周边国家的支持,减缓国内外人权组织、联合国及美国、欧盟等西方世界的施压和指责。杜特尔特政府仅依靠铁血手腕、暴力恐吓方式治毒,在短期内能遏制毒品的公开交易,但禁毒运动缺乏综合有效的治理措施及相关配套的公共卫生、医疗与司法保障,长远来看难以从根本上消除菲律宾毒品带来的社会隐患。

Drug abuse has become a social cancer in the Philippines and spawned other kinds of crimes,making the Philippines one of the countries with the highest crime rate and the most disorderly social order in the world.With his success in fighting drugs in Davao,Duterte won the presidential election in2015.As Duterte came to power,the Philippine government broadened its local drug control to a nationwide operation.It launched anti-drug campaign,carried out investigation and drug-fighting plan by stages,and aborted drug manufacturing and cartels,attracting much attention at home and abroad.In order to effectively curb drugs,President Duterte pursues the policy of'anti-drug cooperation diplomacy',seeking the support of the surrounding countries such as China,Indonesia,Malaysia,and easing the pressure and criticism from the domestic and international human rights organizations as well as some western countries,such as the United States,the European Union and the United Nations.Duterte government relies on iron wrist,violence,or intimidation to control drugs,which may in short term curbs public trading of drugs.Without comprehensive prohibition measure and effective management measures as well as the related supporting public health,medical and legal support,it is impossible to fundamentally eliminate the social hidden danger of drugs in the Philippines in the long term.