分娩镇痛对产妇及新生儿的影响

The effects of labor analgesia on maternal and newborn babies

目的探讨分娩镇痛对产妇及新生儿的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年6月~2014年6月在我院分娩的单胎、初产、头位、足月孕妇的临床资料,自然分娩总例数3154例,其中使用分娩镇痛197例,随机选取其中150例无痛分娩的孕妇作为实验组,另外选择同期分娩同等条件未使用无痛分娩的孕妇150例作为对照组。采用t检验、χ2检验等统计学方法比较实验组与对照组产妇在分娩时疼痛程度、分娩时间、新生儿1 min、5 min Apgar评分、产后2 h出血量及剖宫产率。结果实验组镇痛效果明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000);实验组与对照组第二产程时间比较无明显统计学差异(P=0.191),在第一产程时间、第三产程时间及总产程时间上相比差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000、0.000、0.000);两组新生儿1 min、5 min Apgar评分及产后2 h出血量比较无统计学差异(P=0.785、0.770、0.541);实验组剖宫产率明显低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000)。结论通过分娩镇痛能明显地减轻产妇在分娩时所产生的疼痛感,可在很大程度上降低剖宫产率,对母婴健康无不良影响,分娩镇痛值得在临床上进一步推广使用。

Objective To study the effects of labor analgesia on maternal and newborn. Methods A total of 3154 clinical cases of monotocous, primiparous, head delivery and full term pregnant women delivered in our hospital from June 2012 to June 2014 were reviewed and analyzed , where there were 197 cases to be used the labor analgesia. 150 cases with labor analgesia among them were selected randomly as the experiment group, and other 150 cases without labor analge si a in the same time and conditions were selected as control group. The differences on degree of labor pain, time of labor, 1-minute and 5-minute’s Apgar scores of newborn, amount of bleeding of 2 hours after delivery and rate of cesarean section between experiment group and control group were compared by t-test or chi-square test methods. Results Analgesic effect in test group was statistically better than control group (P=0.000);There were not sta-tistical differences between test group and control group in the second labor time (P=0.191),but there were statistically significant differences in the first labor time,the third labor time and total labor time(P=0.000, 0.000, 0.000). There were not statistical differences between two groups newborns in 1 minute and 5 minute ’s Apgar scores of newborn , amount of bleeding of 2 hours after delivery (P=0.785,0.770,0.541). The rate of cesarean section was obviously lower in test group than in control group and it was statistical significance(P=0.000). Conclusion Pain in labor can be obviously reduced by using labor analgesia , and the rate of cesarean section also can drop down dramatically , fur-thermore, it has no bad effect on maternal and newborn health. Therefore, labor analgesia is worth of being generalized.