用同位素方法评估天津市汽油无铅化进程

Assessment of the phase-out of leaded gasoline in Tianjin, China using isotope technique.

用同位素技术研究和评估天津市汽油无铅化进程.采用稀酸浸出法处理天津市1994～2001年冬春季节123个玻璃纤维滤膜大气颗粒物样品,测量了大气铅浓度和同位素丰度比(206Pb/207Pb).结果表明,1994～2001年是我国汽油无铅化的重要时段,这期间大气颗粒物样品铅浓度有所下降,铅的同位素丰度比逐渐增加,表征了汽油无铅化进程中汽车尾气的贡献率减少,其他来源的贡献率上升在汽油无铅化后,我国还应加强对铅污染的综合治理.

Using isotope technique the phase-out of leaded gasoline was studied and assessed in Tianjin City. The diluted acid leaching technique was adopted to treat 123 air particulate matter samples collected on glass fiber filter in Tianjin City in winter and spring of 1994~2001, and the air lead concentration and isotope abundance ratio (206Pb/207Pb) were determined. 1994~2001 was the important period of phase-out of leaded gasoline, in which the lead concentration of these samples decreased a little, while the lead abundance ratio increased gradually. It indicated that the contribution from vehicle exhaust was diminishing. And the contribution from other source was increasing. After the phase-out of leaded-gasoline, comprehensive administering of lead pollution in China showed be strengthened.