北京市居民传染性非典型肺炎知识、态度及预防行为调查结果分析

KAP about Atypical Pneumonia of Beijing Residents

目的 了解北京市居民对防治传染性非典型肺炎 (简称“非典”)的认知水平、态度与行为 ,为完善防治策略提供参考。方法 随机选择北京两个社区的 132名居民作为调查对象 ,采用统一电话询问的方式进行调查。结果 居民“非典”防治知识水平较高 ,预防措施的采取率超过 90 %。 84 %的居民将医院列为感染可能性大的场所 ,主要理由是医院遇到“非典”病人的可能性大 ( 95 2 % )。 59%的居民自“非典”流行以来较关注体温变化。超过 6 0 %的居民表示自己发热后不会马上就医而先采取在家观察的方式。 36 %的居民表示发热后愿意先向医务人员咨询。 70 %的居民表示发热后会采取家庭隔离措施 ,只有 3%的家庭不具备隔离条件。结论 “非典”期间“信息轰炸”式的宣传教育策略在增强居民的防病知识和自我防护能力方面发挥了重要作用 ,从而为快速控制疫情蔓延奠定了基础。应加强及早就医和家庭隔离方法的宣传。并可在发热咨询热线服务中 ,进行家庭隔离指导。同时需扩大感染控制措施的宣传 ,增加居民就医安全感 。

ObjectiveTo investigate the KAP about atypical p neumonia of Beijing residents MethodsA telephone survey was c onducted among 132 Beijing residents sampled randomly from the data of randomize d sampling survey of risk behavioral factors held in 2000 whose telephone number s were accurately recorded in these data, 43 males and 57 females, aged 44 7 (2 0 ～75), 83% of them being with the educational level of senior middle school and over, 25% being professionals and 16% being administrators, 21% being industria l workers, Results91% of the respondents considered atypical p neumonia as infectious disease, 79% of them knew there is no specific drug for t his disease 69% of them considered atypical pneumonia not fearful 84% of the m considered hospital a place fit for atypical pneumonia transmission 98%, 94%, 9 1%, and 85% of them had habits to ventilate, wash hands, sterilize the rooms, an d use mask often 56% of them thought it helps prevent atypical pneumonia not t o visit hospital 85% of them were unwilling to visit hospital when they fell ill 59% of them paid close attention to their temperature 40% of them would visit doctor when they had fever and 42% of them would visit doctor only when they fel t that the symptoms suggested atypical pneumonia 82% of them were willing to b e isolated at home when they got fever More than 80% of them supported the pol i cy that a separate section for out-patients with fever be established in hospit al ConclusionMost of the residents in Beijing had rather cor r ect knowledge and attitudes about atypical pneumonia and adopted correct behavio rs due to health education Further health education should focus on publicity of early medical advice seeking and family isolation