新疆博州地区多民族儿童口腔状况与全身营养状况相关性调查

Study on the correlation between oral status and general nutrition status of multiethnic children in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang

目的对新疆博州地区3～5岁儿童口腔状况及全身状况进行调查,分析该地区儿童口腔健康状况与儿童全身营养状况的相关性。方法采用分层、多阶段、整群抽样的横断面研究方法,从新疆博州地区城乡两个区抽取3～5岁儿童共1 089名,通过临床口腔检查了解儿童口腔健康状况及全身营养状况,并比较不同地区、民族、年龄、不同性别儿童龋齿的患病情况及其与全身营养状况的相关关系。结果 1 089名儿童接受口腔检查,乳牙患龋率为72. 20%,重龋率为36. 2%,龋均为4. 4,龋齿充填率仅为1. 35%;患龋率、重龋率和龋均在不同年龄段的儿童中存在差异且有统计学意义(P<0. 05),其中龋均在不同民族儿童中的差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05),龋齿充填率在城乡地区方面差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05),牙石指数、软垢指数与患龋情况关系密切,不同牙位患龋的风险也存在差异,在不同年龄、性别和城乡方面体质指数(BMI)差异有统计学意义,不同BMI分组的儿童患龋率及龋均差异具有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论新疆博州地区3～5岁儿童的患龋率相对较高,口腔卫生情况和龋齿的充填情况不容乐观,全身营养状况与患龋情况存在相关性,需要采取积极有效的防控措施。

Objective To investigate the oral status and general condition of 3-5 year-old children in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang,analyze the correlation between oral health status and general nutritional status of children in this area. Methods A total of 1 089 children aged 3-5 years old were collected from two districts in urban and rural areas in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang by stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method. The oral health status and general nutritional status of children were surveyed through clinical oral examination. The prevalence rates of dental caries in children in different regions,nationalities,age groups,and genders were compared,the relationships with general nutritional status were surveyed. Results A total of 1 089 children underwent oral examination. The prevalence rates of primary dental caries and severe dental caries were 72. 20% and 36. 2%,respectively,DMFT was 4. 4,caries filling rate was only 1. 35%. There were statistically significant differences in prevalence rates of primary dental caries and severe dental caries,DMFT among the children in different age groups( P< 0. 05). There was statistically significant difference in DMFT among the children of different nationalities( P<0. 05). There was statistically significant difference in caries filling rate of children between urbal area and rural area( P<0. 05). Calculus index and debris index were closely correlated with prevalence rate of dental caries. There were statistically significant differences in the risks of dental caries of different teeth among the children in different age groups,genders,different areas,and different body mass indexes( P<0. 05). There were statistically significant differences in the prevalence rate of dental caries and DMFT among the children of different body mass indexes( P<0. 05). Conclusion The prevalence rate of dental caries in children aged 3-5 years old in Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang is relatively high. Oral health status and filling of dental caries are not optimistic.General nutritional status is correlated with prevalence rate of dental caries. Active and effective prevention and control measures should be taken.