五峰县农村妇女宫颈癌知识及相关行为研究

Study on cervical cancer knowledge and related behaviors of rural women in Wufeng County

目的了解宫颈癌高发地区五峰土家族自治县农村妇女对宫颈癌的认知行为和态度,为制定宫颈癌防治策略提供科学依据。方法对五峰县3 086名农村妇女进行调查问卷,采用Epi Data3. 0软件进行数据的录入和核实,应用SPSS 21. 0和SAS 9. 4统计软件包进行统计分析。结果五峰土家族自治县农村妇女对所有危险因素认知率低于50%,知晓率最高的是多个性伴侣(33. 9%),最低的是人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染(15. 2%);妇女的认知得分随着年龄增高而逐渐下降,35~39岁之间妇女得分最高,60~65岁之间得分最低;妇女不同年龄组、婚姻状况、教育水平、职业、家庭收入之间的宫颈癌认知得分差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05);宫颈癌知识高得分是患病的保护因素,而患有宫颈癌炎性病变则是宫颈癌的危险因素。结论调查对象对宫颈癌相关知识及危险因素认知程度较低,因此,应进一步加强对妇女宫颈癌病因、预防保健知识、常用筛查方法知识的宣传,提高宫颈癌早诊早治水平,降低子宫颈癌的发病率和死亡率。

Objective To survey cognitive behavior and attitude of rural women to cervical cancer in Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County with high prevalence of cervical cancer,provide a scientific basis for making prevention and treatment strategies of cervical cancer.Methods A questionnaire was used to survey 3 086 rural women in Wufeng County,Epidata3.0 software was used for data input and verification,SPSS 21.0 software and SAS 9.4 software were used for statistical analysis.Results The cognition rate of rural women to risk factors in Wufeng County was lower than 50%.The cognition rate of multiple sex partners was the highest(33.9%),and the cognition rate of HPV infection was the lowest(15.2%).The cognition score decreased gradually with age,which was the highest among the women aged35-39 years old and the lowest among the women aged 60-65 years old.There were statistically significant differences in cognition score of cervical cancer among the women in different age groups,different marital statuses,educational levels,occupations,family incomes(P<0.05).High score of cervical cancer knowledge was the protective factor,while inflammatory disease was the risk factor of cervical cancer.Conclusion The cognitive level of cervical cancer knowledge and risk factors of rural women in Wufeng County is low,so publicity of cervical cancer causes,prevention and health care knowledge,common screening methods should be enhanced,early diagnosis and early treatment level of cervical cancer should be improved to reduce mortality rate and morbidity rate of cervical cancer.