不同盐碱度对紫花苜蓿产量及品质的影响

Comprehensive Evaluation of Growth, Yield and Quality of Alfalfa in Different Saline-alkali Soil

以内蒙古河套地区非、轻、中、重度盐碱地上种植的初花期(10%植株开花)紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)进行刈割,设置0~2cm、2~5cm、5~8cm、8~11cm,4个留茬高度。通过测定其草产量及营养指标,旨在研究不同盐碱度对其生产性能及品质的影响。结果表明:(1)中度及重度盐碱地草产量、茎叶比、粗蛋白(CP)、干物质(DM)、相对饲用价值(RFV)均显著低于非盐碱及轻度盐碱(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维(NDF)及酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)均显著高于非盐碱及轻度盐碱(P<0.05);(2)留茬高度0~2cm、5~8cm、8~11cm,轻度盐碱紫花苜蓿草产量显著高于非、中、重度盐碱(P<0.05);(3)留茬高度0~2cm、2~5cm,轻度盐碱紫花苜蓿茎叶比、DM、CP、RFV值与非盐碱无明显差异(P>0.05)。综合表明,中度及重度盐碱会使苜蓿产量下降,降低植株内营养物质成分。轻度盐碱显著增加了紫花苜蓿草产量。

The aim of this study was to research the effects of different saline-alkali(non,light,moderate,heavy)on the growth,yield and quality of alfalfa.Alfalfa was grown in a complete randomized block design with 3 replications in Hetao area of Inner Mongolia in 2018,harvested at the early flowering stage(10%flowering)with four stubble height(0~2 cm,2~5 cm,5~8 cm and 8~11 cm).The main results are as follows.(1)The yield,stem-to-leaf ratio,crude protein(CP),dry matter(DM)and relative feeding value(RFV)of moderate and heavy saline-alkali soil were significantly lower than those of non-and light saline-alkali soil(P<0.05),while the neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of moderate and heavy saline-alkali soil were significantly higher than those of non-and light saline-alkali soil(P<0.05).(2)Under light saline-alkali soil condition,the yield of alfalfa plants with stubble height of 0~2 cm,5~8 cm and 8~11 cm was significantly higher than that under non,medium and heavy saline-alkali conditions(P<0.05).(3)There was no significant difference in stem-leaf ratio,DM,CP and RFV of alfalfa plants with stubble of 0~2 cm and 2~5 cm between non-and light saline-alkali soil conditions(P>0.05).In conclusion,moderate and heavy saline-alkali resulted in the decrease of alfalfa yield and nutrient composition,slight saline-alkali significantly increased the yield of alfalfa.