2013—2014年永州市城市生活饮用水水质微生物污染状况分析

Analysis of the Microbial Pollution of Urban Drinking Water in Yongzhou from 2013 to 2014

目的了解永州市2013—2014年生活饮用水微生物污染状况,为饮用水卫生质量提供参考依据,以确保当地人民的身体健康。方法按照《GB/T5750—2006生活饮用水标准检验方法》检验2013—2014年抽取的出厂水、末梢水和二次供水的水样,主要分析细菌菌落总数、总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群和大肠埃希氏菌。结果 2013和2014年永州市生活饮用水的合格率分别为92.16%、93.53%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.381,P=0.537),出厂水、末梢水和二次供水的菌落总数合格率为出厂水最高为96.84%、二次供水最低为88.73%,三者比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.708,P=0.013),总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群和大肠埃希氏菌比较差异无显著性。出厂水、末梢水和二次供水的总合格率分别为96.84%、94.5%和86.62%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.859,P=0.003)。二次供水四种微生物合格率比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.385,P=0.025),出厂水和末梢水差异没统计学意义。结论永州市生活饮用水仍存在微生物污染问题,应加强对生活饮用水的监测和管理,以确保广大居民饮用水卫生安全。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the microbial pollution of the drinking water in Yongzhou city from 2013 to 2014 and to providea reference basis for the sanitary quality of drinking water in order to ensure the health of the local residents. METHODS Accordingto the'GB/T5750-2006'standard examination methods for testing the drinking water,it mainly analyzed the four indexs—the totalnumber of colonies of bacteria, total coliform, thermotolerant coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. RESULTS The total qualified ra-tio was respectively 92.16% and 93.53% and there was no statistical differences between in 2013 and 2014(χ2=0.381, P=0.537).The qualified ratio of the total number of colonies of bacteria was the highest(96.84%) in tap water and the lowest(88.73%) in sec-ondary water supply of 3 kinds of water and there was obvious difference(χ2=8.708,P=0.013). The total qualified ratios were respec-tively 96.84%, 94.50% and 86.62% in tap water, terminal tap water and secondary water supply,the differeces were statistical signif-icance(χ2=11.859, P=0.003). The qualified rates of four microbial in secondary water supply were statistically significant(χ2=9.385,P=0.025) and the qualified rates of four microbial in tap water and terminal tap water didn not show significant differences. CONCLUSIONS It should strengthen the supervision and management of water quality for exsiting the microbial contamination in Yong-zhou from 2013 to 2014 to protect the drinking water safety and hygiene.