失谐系数对空心螺旋线型特斯拉变压器谐振性能的影响研究

The Effect of Detuning Coefficient on the Resonance Performance of Air-core Spiral Tesla Transformer

空心特斯拉变压器依靠双谐振回路来耦合,其失谐系数是影响变压器谐振性能的重要因素。对空心特斯拉变压器的谐振过程进行了数学分析,得出次级电压和初级电流的振幅在不同失谐系数下的变化规律。研制了匝数比为3:1200的螺旋线型空心特斯拉变压器样机,分别利用改进初、次级电容进行调谐的方法对样机的次级电压、初级电流和能量传递效率进行了实验观测。通过实验与理论分析对比,提出了根据输出电压和能量传递效率来调整空心特斯拉变压器失谐系数的方法,论证了适当增大失谐系数来避免初级回路半导体开关过早关断的有效性。

Air-core Tesla transformers couple energy by double resonance circuit, the detuning coefficient is an important factor that affects the resonant performance of the transformer. By mathematical analysis of the resonant theory of the air-core Tesla transformer, the varying trends of the secondary voltage and primary current under different detuning coefficients are obtained. A spiral air-core Tesla transformer prototype with the turn ratio designed as 3:1200 is developed. The detuning coefficient of the prototype is adjusted by changing its primary and secondary capacitors for observing the characteristics of the secondary voltage, the primary current and the energy transfer efficiency. By compared with the theoretical analysis, the principles and methods of selecting the detuning coefficient of air-core Tesla transformers are presented. The effectiveness of increasing the detuning coefficient to avoid the primary semiconductor switch turning off too early is proved.