基于停车误差规律的有轨电车无线电能传输系统线圈优化设计

Coil Optimization of Wireless Power Transfer System Applied in Trams Based on Parking Error Law

无线电能传输技术凭借无直接电气接触的优点,在现代有轨电车得到应用。在这样的大功率应用对象中,效率是影响系统性能的重要因素,线圈设计更是首要考虑的内容。不同于其它应用对象,现代有轨电车停车误差只存在于一个方向,且偏移误差符合正态分布规律。针对这一特征,以满足额定输出功率为前提,提出线圈效率期望作为优化目标,将有轨电车线圈安装尺寸、器件应力等指标作为约束条件。同时,提出增长原边线圈的方式提高副边线圈的偏移特性,采用群举法对矩形线圈的长度、宽度、匝数等进行了优化。最后得到在停车偏移误差离呈现正态分布状况下,线圈的效率期望最优的结果,并对结果进行了实验验证。

Wireless power transfer(WPT) technology has been applied to modern trams for its contactless power supply. In such high power applications, efficiency is an important factor affecting system performance, and coil design is the first thing to consider. Different from other application objects, the parking error of modern tram only has one direction, and the offset error conforms to the normal distribution. In accordance with these features, the expectation of the coil efficiency is proposed as the optimization objective under the premise of satisfying the rated output power, and the coil installation size and the stress of the device are taken as constraints. At the same time, the method of increasing the length of primary coil is proposed to improve the misalignment characteristics of the secondary coil. The length, width and number of turns of the rectangular coil are optimized by exhaustive method. The results show that the expectation of the coil efficiency is optimal under the normal distribution of parking errors, and the results are verified by experiments.