电解制氢与高温燃料电池在电力行业的应用与发展

Application and Development of Electrolytic Hydrogen Production and High Temperature Fuel Cell in Electric Power Industry

制氢和燃料电池技术是实现氢能和电能相互转换的关键技术,我国将氢能和燃料电池列为战略性能源技术,大型的能源电力企业也正在推动氢能和燃料电池技术的应用和发展。电解制氢能够将不稳定的可再生能源转化为氢能,实现大规模、季节性储能,在一定的范围内具有经济效益,是解决我国当前可再生能源消纳的途径之一。碱性电解水制氢是目前最成熟的电解制氢技术,发展的主要方向是降低制氢能耗、提高单台出力以及负荷深度调节。高温燃料电池具有小型高效、近零排放的突出优点,在冷热电三联供分布式发电和固定式发电领域具有广阔的应用前景,国外已初步实现高温燃料电池的商业化应用,国内的高温燃料电池市场需求也已显现,我国已掌握高温燃料电池发电的核心技术,具备应用示范推广的技术基础。

Hydrogen production and fuel cells are the key technologies for the conversion of hydrogen and electricity.In China,hydrogen energy and fuel cells are listed as strategic energy technologies.The large energy and electric power enterprises are also promoting the application and development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell.Electrolysis hydrogen production can convert the unstable renewable energy into hydrogen,realizing large-scale energy storage.It is one of the ways to solve the current renewable energy consumption.Alkaline electrolysis is the most mature electrolysis hydrogen production technology.The main development direction is to reduce energy consumption,improve the output of a single unit and adjust the load depth.High temperature fuel cells have the outstanding advantages of high efficiency and near zero emission.There is a broad application prospect for fuel cells in distributed power generation and stationary power generation.The commercial application of high temperature fuel cells has been realized in foreign countries.The market demand for high temperature fuel cells in China has already appeared.And the high temperature combustion in China has been mastered.The core technology of high temperature fuel cell has been mastered by China,which is the technical foundation of application demonstration and commercialization.