不同活动速率下隐伏地裂缝的模型试验研究

Comparative study on physical model test of concealed ground fissure rupture propagation under different activity rates

目前国内外已查明的地裂缝大都是在地表能直接看到的地裂缝,然而埋藏在地表之下不易被人类所察觉的隐伏地裂缝发育数量更为众多,并且隐伏地裂缝因活动速率的不同可能招致不同程度的地质灾害,进而不同程度地影响人类的工程建设活动。为了研究活动速率不一样的隐伏地裂缝之间有什么发育特征上的不同,进行一组物理模型对比试验。结果显示当隐伏地裂缝以不同速率活动时,其所形成的反倾裂缝和直立裂缝的形态特征、地表土体位错量以及土体对深部沉降的吸收作用均有明显的不同。并且当隐伏地裂缝慢速活动的一个活动周期内,其地表土体位错量随深部底板的的活动过程会出现典型的三次"稳定"阶段。

At present,most of the identified ground fissures at home and abroad are those that can be seen directly on the surface.However,the number of hidden ground fissures buried under the surface which are not easily detected by human beings is more numerous,and the hidden ground fissures may cause different degrees of geological disasters due to different rates of activity,thus affecting human engineering construction activities in varying degrees.In order to study the development characteristics of buried ground fissures with different activity rates,a set of physical model contrast experiments were carried out.The results show that when the buried ground fissures move at different rates,the morphological characteristics of the anti-dip fissures and vertical fissures,the displacement of the surface soil and the absorption of the deep subsidence of the soil are obviously different.In addition,when the buried ground fissures move slowly during a period of activity,the displacement of the surface soil will appear three typical'stable'stages with the movement of the deep floor.