粮食供应转移证制度的构建和演变(1955—1993)——以河南省为个案

The Establishment and Evolution of the System of Transfer Certificates for the Supply of Grain (1955-1993)——A Case Study of Henan Province

粮食供应转移证制度是统购统销体制的产物,是计划经济条件下政府管理粮食消费和人口迁移的一种方式。从计划供应时期河南的情况来看,粮食供应转移证制度处于不断的变动之中,不同类别的粮食供应转移证管理制度的严密和完善,都经历了比较长的过程。经由中央与地方各层级粮政部门之间的互动和调适,一个内部种类繁多、构造复杂的粮食供应转移证制度体系得以构建起来,并在粮食计划供应制度实行以及城市非农业人口控制中扮演着重要角色。

The system of transfer certificates for the supply of grain was the product of the monopoly system of unified purchases and sales. It was also a way for the government to manage grain consumption and population migration under China’s planned economy. Based on the situation in Henan during the planned economy,the system of transfer certificates for the supply of grain was constantly evolving,whereas the systems for different kinds of grain were undergoing a long process of improving. Through the interactions and adjustments of the grain administrative departments at the central and local levels,a complex system of transfer certificates for the supply of grain was established,playing an important role in the implementation of the system for the supply of grain and in the control over the non-agricultural population in the urban areas.