预测肿瘤药物临床试验效果的动物模型新进展

Progress in animal models for predicting the results of clinical trials of cancer drugs

基于人体试验的实际应用及伦理方面的考虑,合适的动物模型对于肿瘤药物研发至关重要。制药公司和研究机构在肿瘤治疗新药的开发过程中消耗大量资源,最佳动物体内模型的选择可以改进或缩短研发进程。在技术复杂性方面,肿瘤遗传工程小鼠模型(GEMM)已逐步完善,并且GEMM能够准确重建人类肿瘤的同源发生,为加快肿瘤药物的开发提供机遇。本文主要综合比较预测肿瘤药物临床试验效果的不同类型动物模型,探讨其优劣,并对体内模型的评估方法及与临床转化等进行简述,为肿瘤药物临床前试验提供参考。

Due to practical and ethical concerns associated with human experiments,animal models have been essential in cancer research. Vast resources are expended during the development of new cancer therapeutics,and selection of optimal in vivo models should improve this process. Genetically engineered mouse models( GEMM) of cancer have progressively improved in technical sophistication and, accurately recapitulating the human cognate condition, have provided opportunities to accelerate the development of cancer drugs. In this article we consider the different types of animal models used for predicting the results of clinical trials of cancer drugs,and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each in this regard. In addition,the methods of predicting in vivo models and clinical translation are discussed.