类器官和人源性肿瘤组织异种移植模型在肿瘤研究中的应用

Application of organoids and patient-derived xenograft models in cancer research

人源性类器官(patient-derived organoids,PDOs)和人源性肿瘤组织异种移植(patient-derived xenografts,PDXs)作为新型肿瘤研究模型,能够高度模拟原位组织的生理结构及特性,为患者制定合适的用药方案,实现个体化治疗,是基础科研成果快速转向临床应用的必经之路。此外,还能够利用PDOs和PDXs模型进行肿瘤克隆演化、肿瘤致病机制等方面的基础研究。本文主要综述了PDOs和PDXs模型在肿瘤临床前和基础研究中的应用情况。

Patient-derived organoids(PDOs) and patient-derived xenografts(PDXs) are new models for cancer research. They can accurately simulate the physiological structures and characteristics of in situ tissues, help to formulate appropriate medication regimens for patients, and achieve individualized treatment. Thus, they are necessary for the rapid transformation of basic scientific research to clinical applications. In addition, PDO and PDX models can be used to carry out basic research on tumor clonal evolution and tumor pathogenesis. This review focuses on the application of PDO and PDX models in cancer preclinical and basic research.