商主体资格形成机制的革新

The Reform and Innovation of Formation Mechanism of the Business Subject Qualification

商主体资格的形成机制是营商环境的核心内容,比照世界银行'营商环境'评估的经济学方法论,无不凸显革新商主体资格形成机制的必要性。就法理而言,利他的'公共利益'与利己的'父爱主义'都无法证成以登记手段赋予商主体资格的正当性,'异化'的行政促成式登记需要重构。建议由国务院制定以商主体登记为核心内容的统一'商事登记条例',作为新的'外源'规范,促使政府从行政干预者逐渐转向公共服务者:设立商主体可以自愿登记而形成对抗效力,而未经登记的出资人不能获得有限责任的保护;充分保障商主体的一般经营资格,作为商主体资格的自然延伸;废止因社会管理的目的而设置的商主体登记,划清市场干预与社会管理的界限。

The formation mechanism of the business subject qualification is the core of the commercial environment.According to the economic methodology of the evaluation of‘business environment’advanced by the World Bank,it demonstrates the necessity of reforming the formation mechanism of the business subject qualification.As for jurisprudence,both altruistic‘public interests’and egoistic‘paternalism’cannot evidence the legitimacy of the registration that gives qualifications to the business subjects.The‘dissimilated’administrative registration mode should be re-established.The suggestion is that the Regulations of Business Registration which prescribes the business subject registration as the core content should be enacted by the State Council to form a new‘external source’of norm and facilitate the government to change its role from an administrative intervenor to a public servant.First,the subjects can be voluntarily registered to obtain the effectiveness of confrontation,while investors of those unregistered subjects will not be protected with limited liability.Second,the general operation qualifications of the business subjects which is a certain extension of the business subject qualification will be fully guaranteed.Third,the old business subject registration mode which was formed for the purpose of social management will be abandoned,and there will be a clear line between the market intervention and social management.