世界一流学科的政策指向、核心特质与建设方式

Policy Orientation, Core Characteristics and Construction Methods of World-Class Disciplines

世界一流学科是一个内涵丰富、层级多样、实践性强的政策话语,单纯依据学术评价标准指导其实践活动可能背离了"双一流"建设的初衷。在政策语境中,世界一流学科应当立足于国家创新驱动发展战略,面向科学前沿、国家急需和经济发展重点。同时,它还肩负着创新学术组织制度的使命与责任,并成为建设世界一流大学提供汇聚资源的操作平台。在学术语境中,世界一流学科具有组织和制度层面的核心特质,主要包括求真创新的学术品格、和谐共生的学科生态、灵活多样的制度结构,以及立足区域、制胜全球的战略方向。回应当前的学科建设工作,办学者不宜直接将世界一流学科建设指向目标学科及其所在院系,而应当在大学层面弱化学科组织边界,以"学科群"的方式构建有利于世界一流学科健康成长的可能性空间。

The world-class discipline is a policy discourse with rich connotations,diverse levels,and strong practicality.The practice of activities based solely on academic evaluation criteria deviates from the original intention of 'double first-class' construction.In the policy context,world-class disciplines should be based on the national innovation-driven development strategy,facing the frontiers of science,the urgent needs of the country,and the focus of economic development.At the same time,it also shoulders the mission and responsibility of an innovative academic organization system,and becomes an operational platform for building world-class universities to provide pooled resources.In the context of academic terminology,world-class disciplines have core characteristics at the organizational and institutional levels,including the academic character of seeking truth and innovation,the discipline ecology of harmonious symbiosis,the flexible and diverse institutional structure,and the strategic direction of basing the region and winning the world.In response to the current discipline construction work,it is not appropriate for the scholars to directly target the world-class discipline construction to the target discipline and its faculty.Instead,it should weaken the discipline boundary at the university level and build the possibility of healthy growth of world-class disciplines in the form of 'disciplinary group'.