比较视角下STEM高等教育政策与STEM项目跨学科趋势研究

STEM Higher Education Policy and the Trend of New Interdisciplinary STEM Programs: A Comparative Perspective

STEM是推动创新的主力,在科学研究和开发中发挥着重要作用。近年来,世界各国均出台了与STEM相关的教育政策。通过分析美国、澳大利亚、英国、日本4个国家与科技政策相关的官方报告中的STEM高等教育政策,发现STEM教育备受重视,并不断增加STEM学科的毕业生人数。另外,STEM专业的学生不仅需要学习本学科知识,还需要获得21世纪的技能和能力,如学习跨学科和跨文化知识,了解全球问题和培养全球能力等,以斯坦福大学的必应海外留学计划(BOSP)和日本领先研究生院项目作为案例分析了其STEM项目的跨学科趋势。

STEM plays a central role in driving innovation, research and development. In recent years,countries worldwide continue to release STEM relevant education policies. By analyzing the STEM higher education policies in official reports related to science and technology policies in the United States, Australia,England and Japan, we can find that STEM education is highly valued and they continue to increase the number of STEM graduates in the four countries. In addition, students of STEM disciplines need to acquire not only special knowledge in their disciplines but also twenty-first century skills and abilities including interdisciplinary and intercultural knowledge, understanding global issues and cultivating global competencies etc. We use the Bing Overseas Studies Program(BOSP) in Stanford University and the Program for Leading Graduate Schools in Japan as cases to analyze the trend of new interdisciplinary STEM programs.