匹配理论下乳制品供应链网络设计与成本优化研究

The Design of Dairy Supply Chain Network and Cost Optimization under the Matching Theory

针对乳制品具有多品种,不易保存等特点与其在运输过程中的特殊要求,研究了其供应链设计与相关成本优化问题.首先基于Fisher供应链匹配理论,分析了乳制品生产和运输的特殊性对其供应链网络的一些具体要求,进而设计了与之相匹配的敏捷型供应链网络。其次,引入了一个新的非线性函数来定义产品的库存量,在满足顾客一定产品需求量的前提下,建立了使得供应链总成本最小的混合整数规划模型。实证分析结果表明,该模型不仅可为供应链提供整体成本最优的有效决策方案,通过合理准确的预测顾客的产品需求量及调节其与零售商实际订货量的误差,还能够有效减少供应链部分成员成本.在最佳零售商订货条件下,可为整个供应链节省约一半的费用,这对研究节约供应链成本和提升顾客满意度具有重要的指导意义。

In this paper,the supply chain network for dairy and the corresponding cost optimization problems are researched,based on the dairy products having more varieties and perishable as well as special requirements during the transportation.Firstly,the special requirements of the produce and the transportation of dairy products are analyzed,according to Fisher's supply chain matching theory,and some specific requirements for the design of dairy distribution network.The agile supply chain network is designed to match the dairy products.Secondly,the product inventory is defined by introducing a new nonlinear function.Moreover,a new mixed-integer programming model for the minimum cost of the supply chain network is established under the condition of the quantity of products that the customer demand to be satisfied.The performance results show that the efficient decision making plan for the cost of the whole supply chain minimum could be obtained by solving the proposed model.Furthermore,the cost of each links of the supply chain could also be reduced efficiently by assessing the customers demand for the products and adjusting the error of product quantity between the retailers' actual order and the customers' demand.This model could save a half cost of the whole supply chain under the optimal order quantitiesof retailers,which has important guiding significance for studying how to save the cost of the supply chain and improve the customers' satisfaction.