考虑研发投入溢出效应的供应链网络均衡模型

A Supply Chain Network Equilibrium Model with R&D and Spillover Effect

为了探讨知识产权保护力度对供应链网络中各个制造商及网络其他成员的影响,本文建立了考虑研发投入溢出效应的供应链网络均衡模型,其中供应链网络由多个制造商、零售商和需求市场构成,制造商为获得更大的利润会进行研发投入,技术水平的提升会降低生产产品的单位成本,但会产生研发的溢出效应。利用均衡理论和变分不等式分别得到考虑研发投入溢出效应的各个制造商、零售商和需求市场的均衡条件,并得到整个供应链网络的均衡条件。最后给出求解均衡条件的算法和数值算例,分析了制造商的研发投入所产生的溢出效应对供应链网络各成员决策的影响。数值结果表明,不论是研发水平对称还是不对称的情形,随着创新溢出效应的增强,制造商的利益都会受损,且对创新水平高的企业尤其明显。

To explore the effect of protection of intellectual property rights on the manufacturers and other members in the supply chain network, the supply chain network equilibrium model of R&D investment considering spillover effect,which contains manufacturers,retailers and demand markets is established. To obtain greater profits,manufacturers will invest more in R&D,the unit cost of production will reduce with the improving of the technology level,but it will cause a spillover effect. The equilibrium condition of various manufacturers,retailers,demand markets and the whole supply chain network with R&D investment effect are obtained by the equilibrium theory and variational inequality. The algorithm and numerical examples are given for solving the equilibrium conditions,and analysing the spillover effect of the manufacturer's R&D investment on the decisions of each member in the supply chain network. The numerical experiment results show that,regardless of the R&D level of the manufacturers is symmetric or asymmetric situation,with the enhancement of innovation spillover effect,the manufacturer's interests will be damaged,especially the one whose innovation high level is higher..