考虑产品质量的推式、拉式与提前订购供应链决策

Push,Pull,and Advance-Purchase Decisions in Supply Chains with Quality Choice

收入的增加引发我国消费者购买境外质高价优产品的热潮,如何提升我国产品性价比越来越受到企业重视。本文从供应链渠道权利和库存风险分担角度研究厂商如何确定产品最优质量,将产品质量作为首要考虑的内生因素,进一步将决策拓展到二级供应链,比较集中供应链、推式、拉式和提前订购供应链下的质量决策,为生产商和零售商的产品质量决策提供参考。本文研究表明:产品质量对供应链整体利润和单个企业利润影响均较大,推式和拉式供应链都无法实现集中供应链下的利润,对批发价格的制定占主导地位的一方会获得较多的供应链利润。提前订购供应链有利于提高供应链整体利润,分散供应链上单个主体的库存风险。

Income increase triggers a large-scale consumption of products overseas with relatively higher quality and lower price. How to improve price performance ratio has received more and more enterprises' attention. In this article,how to decide optimal product quality from the perspective of supply chain channel power and risk sharing is researched, By taking quality as the first consideration of endogenous factors,then decisions are extended to two-echelon supply chain,and quality choice in centralized,push,pull and advance-purchase supply chain are compared respectively,which can provide reference of quality decision for both manufacturer and retailer. Research indicates quality choice has an important influence on profits of both whole supply chain and individual firm. Push and pull supply chain can't achieve profits of centralized supply chain,and the firm with more power to wholesale price decision can gain more proportion of profit. Advance-purchase can improve whole supply chain profit and decentralize individual's inventory risk.