农村独生子女工作获取和工作收人困境分析——基于人力资本和社会资本禀赋

Digging into Rural Only Children's Job Hunting Difficulties——Based on Human Capital and Social Capital Possession

工作是每个现代人赖以生存的经济来源,在宏观条件既定前提下工作获取模式和所获工作报酬的不同主要来源于人力资本和社会资本的利用情况不同。本文将主要探讨我国农村独生子女与其他人群工作获取模式和工资水平的差异。研究发现人力资本水平高低是能否获得高收入工作的关键因素,社会资本水平是能否获得低收入工作重要原因。找工作过程中,农村相比城市更倾向动用关系资本;在可利用社会资本类型的选择上,独生子女相比非独生子女更倾向利用弱关系而非强关系;农村独生子女既在人力资本上处于弱势又在社会资本上处于弱势,而这种弱势的一个根本原因就是其家庭的发展能力缺陷。

For modern human,job is the basic source of money demanded to live a life. When the macro conditions are set,how you can get a job and how well you will be paid would quite depend on the possession of human and social capital and how you would use it. The Chinese adult job hunting population can be divided into four groups:rural only children,rural not-only-children,urban only children and urban not-onlychildren. The analysis shows that for high-paying job-hunting human capital level is quite crucial and for low-paying job-hunting social capital level is rather important. When comes to the use of capital in job hunting, rural population, compared to urban population, prefer social capital to human capital. There is two types of social capital:strong relationship and weak relationship. Only children,compared to not-only-children,choose strong relationship over weak relationship. The rural only children is not strong enough in the possession of both human capital and social capital, which is the primary reason of job hunting difficulties and is mostly caused by their born family's defects in family development ability.