生态文明体制构建下的金属矿产开发生态补偿利益均衡研究

Interest-balancing Analysis on Metal Mineral Resources Ecological Compensation Under the Construction of Ecological Civilization System

金属矿产开发是涉及各个利益主体矛盾冲突及生态安全的复杂社会系统工程,而生态补偿是协调各方利益均衡和保障生态安全的有效的制度解,基于该背景本文在矿产资源领域生态文明体制构建条件下,探究金属矿产开发生态补偿利益均衡问题。即基于金属矿产开发过程中涉及的中央政府、地方政府、当地企业和当地居民利益主体的复杂利益诉求,在考虑社会强互惠群体存在的基础下,运用演化博弈论的方法分析关联主体在博弈过程中的利益均衡及补偿策略动态演化过程,得出为达到社会所期望的均衡结果所需的条件。为了验证该均衡所需的条件,以存在复杂利益诉求的典型的德兴铜矿为案例展开实证分析,即运用生态价值当量法、修正的人力资本法、医疗费用法、市场价值法、替代法、机会成本法、影子价格法和现代空间信息技术对相关参数估值和使用统计数据进行数据测算,并将得到的数值用Matlab软件进行数值模拟,比较分析德兴铜矿各利益主体的真实均衡与期望均衡的一致性结果。针对此结果与达到均衡的条件提出相应的生态补偿对策,进一步验证本文提出的模型与生态补偿利益主体的均衡条件是具有普适性和扩展意义的。

The exploitation of metal mineral resources is a complex and socially systematic project involving conflicts of the interests of all parties and ecological security.Ecological compensation is an effective system to coordinate the interests of all parties and to ensure the ecological security.Based on this background,the balance of interests of ecological compensation under the condition of the construction of ecological civilization system in the field of mineral resourcesis is analyzed.The interest equilibrium and dynamic evolutionary process of the central government,local government,local enterprises and local residents is analyzed by using the game theory in the exploitation of metal mineral resources.In addition to taking into account the complex interest demands of the interests and the existence of the strong reciprocity group,the conditions which are needed to achieve the desired equilibrium results are reached.The following conclusions are drawn through the analysis of the conditions.The strategy choice of the game between central government and local government is affected by the revenues,the cost of compensation,the financial transfer payment,the punishment dynamics,and the strong reciprocity behavior.The strategy choice of the game between local government and local enterprises is affected by the revenues,supervision costs,taxes and fees,fines,governance costs and government incentives.The strategy choice of the game between local enterprises and local residents is affected by revenues,compensation costs,cost of resistance and government incentives.And on this basis,in order to verify the conditions needed for the equilibrium,the Dexing copper mine which is a typical case of the complex interest demands is analyzed.In this process,not only the value of relevant parameters is estimated by using the ecological value equivalent method,corrected human capital method,cost of illness method,market value method,substitution method,opportunity cost method,shadow price method and modern space information technology,but also the data is calculated by using statistical data.After numerical simulation is carried out with MATLAB software,the consistency between the real equilibrium and the expected equilibrium is analyzed.Further more it is verified that the model and the equalization result is universal and extensible.Moreover,the corresponding counter measures of ecological compensation are out forward.It also provides a new thoughts and analysis theoretical framework to solve the problem of the balance of interests of ecological compensation in the field of mineral resources.