农村地区健康生活方式指导员干预效果评估

Effect of instructors intervention on healthy life style in rural area

目的评估健康指导员在农村地区实施干预后的效果,为推广健康指导员干预模式提供依据。方法通过招募培训健康指导员,由健康指导员对所在辖区的居民进行干预,比较干预前后干预对象知识知晓率变化情况。结果干预前后900名居民接受了问卷调查,男女分别是412人与488人,平均年龄(58.9±14.1)岁,文化程度以小学及以下为主。干预后居民对高血压与糖尿病的诊断标准、影响因素、高危人群、预防措施、并发症的知晓率均较干预前明显提高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后居民对的每人每天食盐摄入量不超过6 g的知晓率比干预前提高了56.3%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=580.04,P<0.05);对每人每天食用油摄入量为25~30 g的知晓率,干预后比干预前提高了44.7%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=361.04,P<0.05)。干预后居民高血压病(73.0%)、糖尿病知晓率(65.2%)以及体重(91.9%)、腰围(87.7%)、血压(73.0%)、血糖(66.5%)的知晓率均较干预前(58.7%、30.3%、62.9%、54.8%、65.8%、59.9%)明显上升,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为11.22、35.25、216.28、237.49、7.89、36.00,P<0.05)。结论健康指导员干预可以有效提高居民慢性病防治知识认知水平,健康指导员干预模式是有效的与可推广的。

Objective To evaluate the effect of health educator’s intervention in rural area is to provide the evidence for promoting health educator’s intervention.Methods Health educators were recruited and trained.Health educators conducted health education,delivered health materials and instruct residents to reduce salt and oil.Questionnaire were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate the effect.All data were entered and analyzed by SPSS 19.0.The rate of cognition about hypertension,diabetes and health indicators were compared by Chi-square test.Results A total of 900 residents were interviewed before and after the intervention.Of them,the male and female were 412 and 488 respectively.The average age was(58.9 ± 14.1) years old.Most of them just received primary education.The rate of cognition about diagnostic criteria,risk factors,risk population,prevention measure and complications of hypertension and diabetes after the intervention increased significantly compared to it before the intervention(P < 0.05).The rate of cognition about the recommendation dose of salt(6 g per person per day) increased 56.3% after the intervention compared to it before the intervention(χ2= 580.04,P < 0.05).The rate of cognition about the recommendation dose of oil(25-30 g per person per day) increased 44.7% after the intervention compared to it before the intervention(χ2= 361.04,P < 0.05).The rate of cognition about hypertension(73.0%),diabetes(65.2%),body weight(91.9%),waist circumference(87.7%),blood pressure(73.0%) and blood glucose(66.5%) increased significantly after the intervention compared to it(58.7%,30.3%,62.9%,54.8%,65.8% and 59.9%) before the intervention(χ2= 11.22,35.25,216.28,237.49,7.89,36.00,P < 0.05).Conclusion Health educator’s intervention can raise the level of cognition about chronic noncommunicable disease.This model should be effective and feasible.