陕西省某高校2008～2013级新生心理健康状况变化分析

Changing trends of psychological symptoms among freshmen in 2008 to 2013 in a university of Shaanxi Province

目的考察近6年来大一新生心理健康的变化特点,为开展大学生心理健康教育工作提供实证依据。方法 2008~2013年每年10月,采用CCSMHS和SCL-90对某高校2008~2013级13 098名新生施测并进行心理症状分析。结果近6年来新生心理症状总体呈下降趋势,检出率分别为7.46%、7.87%、6.06%、6.75%、5.18%和5.63%;总体症状(F=36.57,P<0.001)及抑郁(F=367.78,P<0.001)、精神病性(F=282.15,P<0.001)、躯体化(F=30.92,P<0.001)、强迫症(F=689.66,P<0.001)、焦虑(F=996.16,P<0.001)和偏执(F=695.73,P<0.001)的年级差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);总体症状(t=2.08,P<0.05)及躯体化(t=2.78,P<0.01)、抑郁(t=3.33,P<0.001)、焦虑(t=4.45,P<0.001)和精神病性(t=5.73,P<0.001)的性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);总体症状(t=5.59,P<0.001)及躯体化(t=1.03,P<0.05)、强迫症(t=7.46,P<0.001)、抑郁(t=5.73,P<0.001)、焦虑(t=7.83,P<0.001)和精神病性(t=6.70,P<0.001)的学历差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生心理症状总体呈下降趋势,不同年级、性别、学历新生的心理症状存在差异。

Objective To investigate the changing trends of psychological symptoms in six years,and provide empirical references for developing college students’ mental health education. Methods Psychological symptoms among 13 098 freshmen from 2008 to 2013 in a university were analyzed by using Chinese College Student Mental Health Scale and Symptom Check List 90. Results The prevalence of psychological symptoms among freshmen in six years totally showed down trend. There were significant grade differences on the total symptoms( F = 36. 57,P < 0. 001),depression( F = 367. 78,P< 0. 001),psychosis( F = 282. 15,P < 0. 001),somatization( F = 30. 92,P < 0. 001),obsessive-compulsive disorder(F = 689. 66,P < 0. 001),anxiety(F = 996. 16,P < 0. 001),paranoid ideation(F = 695. 73,P < 0. 001). There were significant gender differences on the total symptoms( t = 2. 08,P < 0. 05),somatization( t = 2. 78,P < 0. 01),depression( t = 3. 33,P < 0. 001),anxiety( t = 4. 45,P < 0. 001),psychosis( t = 5. 73,P < 0. 001). There were significant education differences on the total symptoms( t = 5. 59,P < 0. 001),somatization( t = 1. 03,P < 0. 05),obsessive-compulsive disorder( t = 7. 46,P < 0. 001),depression( t = 5. 73,P < 0. 001),anxiety( t = 7. 83,P < 0. 001),psychosis(t = 6. 70,P < 0. 001). Conclusion Freshmen’s total symptoms totally show the downtrend,and there are significant differences of freshmen’s mental symptoms on grade,gender and education background.