河北省沧州市居民健康素养现状调查分析

Analysis on health literacy status of residents in Cangzhou City of Hebei Province

目的全面了解沧州市居民健康素养状况和变化趋势,为制定相关健康教育与促进政策、有针对性的开展综合干预提供科学依据。方法采用分层多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取沧州市城乡居民4801人进行问卷调查。问卷采用2013年《全国居民健康素养调查问卷》,由经过培训的调查员采用面对面方式进行调查。结果沧州市居民健康素养具备率为21.0%。其中,基本知识和理念、健康生活方式和行为、健康技能的具备率分别为31.3%、17.8%和23.1%。科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗、信息获取具备率分别为51.6%、16.0%、19.5%、54.8%、9.9%和21.9%。调查人群中城乡、年龄、民族、文化程度、职业、人均收入水平等因素和具备健康素养之间差异具有统计学意义。结论应针对不同人群采取不同干预措施,以提高居民的健康素养水平。

Objective To understand health literacy status of residents in Cangzhou City and its change trend,and provide scientific evidence for development of comprehensive intervention and health education and promotion policies. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method,4801 urban and rural residents in Cangzhou City were enrolled,and a questionnaire survey was conducted. The questionnaire was used same as 'National health literacy questionnaire'in 2013,trained interviewers carried out face-to-face investigation. Results The total rate of residents’ health literacy in Cangzhou City was 21. 0%. The rates of basic knowledge and concepts,healthy lifestyle and behavior,and health skills were 31. 3%,17. 8% and 23. 1%,respectively. The rates of scientific view of health,prevention of infectious diseases,chronic disease prevention,safety and first aid and basic medical treatment,information acquisition were 51. 6%,16. 0%,19. 5%,54. 8%,9. 9% and 21. 9%,respectively. Living in urban or rural areas,age,nationality,culture degree,occupation,average per capita income level were the associated factors with health literacy. Conclusion It should be aimed using different intervention methods among different groups to improve health literacy level of residents.