青岛市748名医务人员生活质量状况及影响因素分析

Analysis of quality of life and itseffecting factors among 748 medical staffs in Qingdao

目的调查青岛市医务人员生活质量状况及影响因素。方法采用分层随机抽样方法,运用生活质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI-74)、Maslach职业倦怠问卷、社会支持评定量表、人际信任量表、特质应对方式问卷及焦虑、抑郁自评量表于2014年1—6月对青岛市748名医务人员进行问卷调查。结果职能人员生活质量总分(57.60±5.45)高于医生(55.84±7.23,P<0.05)、护士(55.59±6.60,P<0.01)及医技人员(55.43±6.13,P<0.05),中高层管理者(59.76±5.11)高于无职务者(55.40±6.27,P<0.01)及基层管理人员(56.26±7.43,P<0.01),工龄>20年者(57.64±5.74)高于工龄<10年者(55.33±6.41,P<0.01)。较高职务、男性、医生、高主观支持度、低抑郁得分及低去人格化水平对生活质量各维度得分有不同程度的正向预测作用。结论青岛市医务人员不同亚群体其生活质量水平不同,人口学因素、职业倦怠、心理健康及社会支持水平等是影响医务人员生活质量的重要因素。

Objective To evaluate the quality of life and its effecting factors among the medical staffs. Methods Through stratified random sampling,748 medical staffs from 4 hospitals in Qingdao were investigated from January to June in2014 by Generic Quality of Life Inventory 74( GQOLI-74),Maslach Burnout Inventory( MBI),Social Support Rating Scale( SSRS),Interpersonal Trust Scale( ITS),Trait Coping Style Questionnaire( TCSQ),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale( SAS) and Self rating depression scale( SDS). Results The scores of administrative support staff( 57. 60 ± 5. 45) was obviously higher than score of doctor( 55. 84 ± 7. 23,P < 0. 05),nurse( 55. 59 ± 6. 60,P < 0. 01) and medical technic staff( 55. 43 ± 6. 13,P < 0. 05). The score of senior manager( 59. 76 ± 5. 11) was higher than laboratory staffs( 55. 40± 6. 27,P < 0. 01) and first-line manager( 56. 26 ± 7. 43,P < 0. 01). The score of staffs whose working age > 20 years( 57. 64 ± 5. 74) were higher than those staff whose working age < 10 years( 55. 33 ± 6. 41,P < 0. 01). The positive prediction function factors on the quality of life of medical staffs included higher position,male,doctor,lower depression,higher subjective support,and lower depersonalization. Conclusion The quality of life leval in different sub-group of medical staff in Qingdao hospitals has obvious difference. Position,professional,social support,job burnout and depression are important effecting factors.